ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the scolicidal effect of the Satureja khuzistanica (S. khuzistanica) essential oil from aerial parts of this herbal plant. Methods: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation method. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were employed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil. Protoscolices were collected aseptically from sheep livers containing hydatid cyst. Protoscolices were exposed to various concentrations of the oil (3, 5 and 10 mg/mL) for 10, 20, 30, and 60 min. Viability of protoscolices was confirmed by 0.1% eosin staining. Results: A total of 19 compounds representing 97.6% of the total oil, were identified. Carvacrol (94.9%) was found to be the major essential oil constituent. Scolicidal activity of S. khuzistanica essential oil at concentration of 3 mg/mL was 28.58, 32.71, 37.20 and 42.02%, respectively. This essential oil at concentration of 5 mg/mL killed 51.33, 66.68, 81.12, and 100% of protoscolices after 10, 20, 30 and 60 min, respectively. One hundred scolicidal effect was observed with S. khuzistanica essential oil at the concentration of 10 mg/mL after 10 min (comparing with 7.19% for control group). Conclusions: The essential oil of S. khuzistanica is rich in carvacrol and may be used as a natural scolicidal agent.
ABSTRACT
In this study the susceptibility of Candida albicans to inhibitory effect of polyphenols under varying time [24 and 48 hours] conditions were evaluated. Green tea leaf polyphenols were extracted and analyzed by chromatography.Among polyphenols, Catechin showed stronger antifungal activity against C. albicans PTCC-5027. Catechin1 s M1C90 [The concentration of Catechin causing 90% growth inhibition of tested strain of C. albicans] and MFC [The minimum antifungal susceptibility of Catechin] were determined by Macro dilution test and calculation after 24 and 48 hours.; The antifungal activity of Catechin was time dependent. Catechin's MIC for 0.5 xl0[3], Ixl0[3] and 2x10[3] cells/ml was 12.5, 25 and 100 mg/ml after 24h respectively. The results after 48h for 0.5xl0[3], Ixl0[3] and 2x10[3] cells/ml were 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/ml respectively. Fluconazol was tested on C. albicans PTCC-5027 and the results indicated that this strain of Candida is fluconazol resistant. Data shown are from three separate experiments and were analysed statistically. C. albicans PTCC-5027 is fluconazol resistant, however green tea leaf polyphenols especially Catechin could inhibit the growth of this yeast at MIC and MFC concentrations. On the basis of the obtained results the green tea leaf contains effective antifungal components. Since the common and generic antifungal drugs possess some side effects and also there is an increasing drug resistance, it is hoped that consumption of herbal drugs may help to cure fungal diseases and to avoid the side effects of antimycotics as a good replacement